Home greenhouse options in Minnesota

"We can get up to 500 planting locations in a 96-square-foot farm, which would be producing approximately 140 heads of lettuce a week," said Jon Friesner, founder of GroShed.

At the recent Home and Remodeling Show at U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Friesner showed off the sheds, which he calls farms. They're actually well-insulated, windowless prefabricated sheds that use hydroponics and LED grow lights to raise vegetables, Minnesota Public Radio News reported.

But you don't have to settle for just lettuce.

"We've grown over 70 varieties of plants, everything from eggplants to peas, beans, zucchinis, dozens of different varieties of lettuce, tomatoes, cherry tomatoes," he said. "There isn't a whole lot you can't grow."

Even when it's 30 below zero; the days are short; the sun is weak, he said. An 8-by-12-foot shed uses about $2 of electricity per day, and grow lights provide enough heat to keep the shed warm, he said.

Friesner envisions multiple markets for the sheds: Homeowners who want to grow tastier produce for themselves and friends, community groups looking to upgrade the quantity and quality of winter-time produce, and entrepreneurs who want to supply fresh, locally grown, organic produce to grocers and restaurants on a small scale. The sheds meet all of those demands while reducing the environmental impact of growing and transporting food, he said.

"Our current global food system is moving stuff all over the place at great costs," Friesner said.

GroShed has sold eight units since its launch in July 2018. A basic model goes for $13,000. Larger units — up to 16-by-40 feet — are $150 per square foot. Friesner hopes to lower prices as his business scales up.

At the Minneapolis home show, people touring the GroShed remarked more about the freshness, flavor and healthiness of the food they could raise than whether it would save them money.

"It's definitely something to look into,'' said veteran gardener Brad Akkerman of Princeton.

Akkerman uses greenhouses, but not in the winter — they're hard to heat and he's had them collapse under the weight of snow. He said he'd like to grow his own veggies year-round.

"If you can maintain herbs or vegetables in the wintertime that's great," he said. "Everything is so much better (that) you grow at home than what you find in the store."

Show attendee Randy Green of Minneapolis said structures like GroShed's could be healthy community assets.

"Minneapolis definitely has a shortage of fresh produce in communities like north Minneapolis that I feel could really benefit from something like this, especially if it's affordable and sustainable," he said.

Ron Kidder, who lives in Ideal Corners, north of Brainerd, bought a GroShed in December. He had long tried to grow veggies in a dome-type greenhouse in winter. He said the plants didn't get strong enough sunlight, but his new structure works great.

"I just plug it into an outlet from my porch, use a hose to get water to the reserve tank every couple of weeks or so. Otherwise, it takes care of itself because it's so automated. The lights are on timers," he said.

So far, Kidder has focused on growing lettuce. One head he let grow and grow hit about 2 feet. He's harvested about 40 heads, sharing what he and his wife can't eat with neighbors and friends.

Kidder said his GroShed also provides mentally refreshing doses of green during the eternal gray of winter. It's just 10 feet from his back door to his GroShed

"You just walk in there. It's toasty warm and everything is growing," he said.

 GroShed is not alone in thinking it makes sense to try to grow veggies through cold northern winters, without using massive commercial greenhouses. A Boston firm — Freight Farms — puts hydroponic farms inside 40-foot shipping containers.

And the University of Minnesota has developed what it calls deep winter greenhouses. They are passive-solar greenhouses that rely primarily on the sun for heat, using supplemental heat only when necessary.

The greenhouses have a south-facing, glazed wall angled to get the most solar energy possible on the coldest day of the year. Heated air is blown underground and stored in rocks that provide heat at night.

"There are some people that are like, 'Oh we're just growing for ourselves.' Then there's the other people who are actually trying to sell (produce)," said Daniel Handeen, a research fellow at the University of Minnesota's Center for Sustainable Building Research.

The model is well-suited for lettuces, herbs, sprouts and other greens that don't need a lot of sun to grow. There are 25 of these Minnesota-hardy green houses in operation across the state.

 Handeen said the greenhouse owners who sell produce focus on serving small groups of customers who sign up to receive produce through the winter. They're not looking to serve grocery stores. Companies like Bushel Boy in Owatonna and Revol Greens in Medford are focused on that business, with big commercial greenhouses producing tomatoes and lettuce throughout winter.

Anyone who wants to build a smaller winter-hardy greenhouse can download plans from the University of Minnesota Extension website. Handeen said it's possible to build a 100-square-foot structure for about $5,000.

Financially, investing in a GroShed or other greenhouse to grow food in winter may or may not pay off, said Ryan Pesch, an educator with the University of Minnesota Extension.

"It's economical for some and for others it's not economical," he said. "But the primary motivating factor for people to do this at all oftentimes relates to just how can we better feed ourselves and other people throughout the winter."

He said most people with one of the university's deep winter greenhouses are growing veggies as a winter side business.

"Nobody is getting rich off winter greenhouse production, just yet. These are very modest-scale enterprises and modestly-sized greenhouses," Pesch said.

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Photo courtesy of Martin Moylan/Minnesota Public Radio via AP

Source: Times Union